Acute prostatitis is an inflammatory disease, usually contagious, accompanied by swelling and ulceration of the tissues of the organ of the same name. Previously, they were thought to affect more older men, but studies show that the pathology has significantly "rejuvenated". Prostatitis still occurs in middle-aged patients.
During treatment, the use of not only drugs, but also folk remedies is allowed in consultation with a specialist.
Causes of pathology
Acute prostatitis is diagnosed in 30-50% of men, the most able-bodied age, ie between 30-50 years. It causes inflammation:
- erectile dysfunction;
- infertility;
- depression.
The causative agents of the disease are mainly non-specific infectious agents. These include E. coli, staphylococci, streptococci, and others. pathogenic microorganisms, but sometimes acute prostatitis is caused by other pathogens associated with sexually transmitted diseases - chlamydia, ureaplasmosis, gonorrhea, mycoplasmosis. Often the cause is a conditionally pathogenic microflora - Candida fungi (Candida).
The main causes of the development of prostatitis are reduced to the penetration of the infection, often passing through the transcanal tract. This occurs through the secretory ducts of the prostate gland. Because they open in the wall of the posterior urethra, the development of prostatitis is influenced by the presence of a disease such as urethritis.
Acute cystitis (inflammation of the bladder caused by bacteria) is rare in men. But if this is the case, then the prostate, which contains pathogenic microflora, suffers. Combined pathologies - when there are stones in the urethra that cause increased intraurethral pressure, the entry of bacteria into the body occurs faster.
Sometimes the prostate is provided with an advanced arterial and venous network, so it is possible for an inflammatory process to develop due to the infection entering the bloodstream. This happens when there are foci of chronic inflammation in the body, but they have nothing to do with the prostate. Infections are transmitted hematogenously with sinusitis, tonsillitis, bronchitis, and even caries.
The presence of cholecystitis (gallbladder disease) also leads to the development of acute prostatitis. Sometimes lymphogenic transmission of the infection from the intestine is possible (with proctitis and colitis).
Non-infectious factors in the development of prostatitis - the presence of blockage in the vessels of the pelvis, irregular sexual life and its disruption. Prostatitis is also possible in men who have sex.
The factors that cause the disease are:
- sedentary lifestyle;
- digestive disorders (mostly frequent constipation);
- hypothermia and decreased immunity;
- flebeurism;
- excessive alcohol consumption.
Basic forms
There are three forms of the disease:
- catarrhal. The ducts of the prostate gland are mostly inflamed, but there are no changes at the macro level. Dystrophy of the integumentary epithelium is observed in the ducts themselves, there is a slight swelling in the stroma, the vessels are plethoric.
- Follicular. When prostatitis develops into a follicular form and the inflammatory process already affects the tissues of the prostate gland, both the reverse development and growth of the process is possible. It grows to body size and sags. Focal infiltrates appear around the canals.
- Parenchymal. The most serious stage of the disease. With it, the inflammatory process affects the entire gland, an abscess is formed. It can open with an unfavorable course of the disease, and pus enters the intestines, bladder and urethra.
Symptoms
Common symptoms are urinary incontinence, pain and intoxication - weakness, nausea, vomiting, dizziness and other unpleasant events that cause anxiety.
The remaining symptoms of acute prostatitis correspond to the stages of development of the process:
| Stage | Symptoms |
|---|---|
| catarrhal | The first symptoms are a feeling of heaviness and pain in the perineum. There are dysuric disorders, ie a violation of urination, its increase, the appearance of pain or soreness in the process. Body temperature often remains normal, sometimes slightly rising. At this stage, the diagnosis involves the study of prostate secretion. This may indicate an increase in the number of leukocytes, the presence of mucopurulent filaments. Urine analysis shows an increase in leukocytes. Prostate massage is not prescribed at this stage due to pain. However, drug treatment allows you to get rid of the pathology in 7-10 days. |
| Follicular | The symptoms will be more pronounced. This stage is accompanied by dull aching pain that is localized in the perineum, but can be transmitted to the anus, rectum or lumbar region. Urinary excretion is so painful that urinary retention is possible. The act of defecation is difficult due to severe pain. Body temperature rises to 38 degrees, general health deteriorates. The patient lives:
|
| Parenchymal | In acute parenchymal prostatitis, the temperature rises to 39 degrees. There is fever or chills. Urination may be rapid, but it is often difficult until complete cessation, as attempts to empty the bladder are accompanied by severe pain. Flatulence is seen, digestion is disturbed, constipation occurs. The pain is felt in the rectum. From the pain they turn into pulsations. A person tries to find a position where he will not feel pain (most often while lying with his legs compressed). In the acute form of prostatitis, the prostate gland is enlarged and swollen. There may be a white or yellowish-green discharge from the urethra |
Outcomes of acute prostatitis can include sepsis (general blood poisoning), cystitis, or pyelonephritis. If the disease develops with such complications, the patient should be hospitalized. However, in mild cases, the pathology can be treated at home.
Treatment
Treatment of acute prostatitis should be comprehensive. Treatment involves eliminating the cause of the disease, ie pathogenic microorganisms. In such cases, antibiotics, their combination is used, because a drug rarely gives the desired effect.
With timely treatment, symptoms disappear quickly, within a few days. However, the doctor prescribes a course of at least 4 weeks to completely cleanse the body of harmful bacteria, prevent relapses and ensure that the process becomes chronic.
Antibiotics are prescribed only based on the results of tests that detect the causative agent and resistance to certain drugs. Other factors are also taken into account. For example, drugs from the group of aminoglycosides and beta-lactams do not penetrate well into the tissues of the prostate gland.
Antibiotics from the group of fluoroquinolones and macrolides have a higher penetration capacity.
However, not only the ability to penetrate, but also the strength of the bactericidal effect is important. Therefore, macrolides and other agents are sometimes prescribed. The release forms of such drugs may be different.
Candles are rarely used. In severe cases, intravenous antibiotics are indicated (and in a hospital setting). In mild cases, treatment is carried out in an outpatient setting, the patient takes the pill at home.
Analgesics and anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal drugs are used to relieve pain. They reduce the temperature, but sometimes additional antipyretics are prescribed. Short-term use of opiates is used for more severe pain.
For the treatment of acute prostatitis, drinking plenty of fluids, at best - washing the urinary tract, reducing intoxication and preventing the development of cystitis and pyelonephritis, plays an important role. Mild laxatives such as Vaseline oil are used.
Antispasmodics and alpha-blockers may be prescribed for urinary problems.
If you have muscle spasms, take a muscle relaxant.
Folk remedies
Treatment of the disease with folk remedies is possible only as an adjunctive therapy that enhances the effect of medication.
A popular folk remedy is pumpkin seeds. They contain a lot of zinc, which has anti-inflammatory effects. To get the right dose of this substance, it is enough to eat 30 g of peeled raw seeds once a day before meals.
You can prepare a mixture based on pumpkin seeds (not fried) and honey:
- Wrap 500 g of cleaned raw meat in a meat grinder or blender.
- Add honey to a glass of not too liquid.
- Mix thoroughly until consistency is achieved to form walnut-sized balls.
The product is stored in the refrigerator. You need to eat 1-2 of these balls a day half an hour before meals. The drug should be chewed thoroughly and not swallowed immediately.